Critical Thinking and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Thinking and Ethics - Essay Example This is because the outlook is essential to critical reasoning does not occur or may be poor quality. On the other hand, ethical reasoning equips learners and professionals the knowledge and skills to apply appropriate theories and sculpt in a better ethical framework. Moreover, ethical reasoning help individuals in verdict and resolution making skills assess the result and query inconsistence pushing for rectification (Benner, Hughes & Sutphen, 2008). Critical thinking directly relates to the ethical reasoning; this is because in many professional carriers judgment are sampled in relation to the kind of thinking employed. This takes the lead in achieving to provide quality services to avoid harm. In this regard, critical thinking in the field of medicine can be influenced by information and understanding, employing strategies such as part of learning to categorize the issues and occasion, and holistically manufacture the resource in practice (Benner, Hughes & Sutphen, 2008). For instance, some doctors and police force in the china are deviating from the rules and principles governing critical thinking and ethical reasoning. The police execute the prisoners as their constitution states. However, a few doctors are employed carry the transplant of organs of the executed prison, which are sold. In addition, the doctors completely ignore the principles of ethical reasoning which emphasis on protecting the concepts of wrong and bad (Benner, Hughes & Sutphen, 2008). In addition, Dr. Chan in the surgical department of a restricted military hospital in the Southern China explains how they extract the kidneys. They cut a section of the bone from the lower leg, and the extracted organs are placed in a special liquid, which maintain their freshness before they are taken to kidney patient (Benner, Hughes & Sutphen, 2008). Performing this act is deviating from the moral principles of critical thinking and ethical

Metaphysics Essay Example for Free

Metaphysics Essay Plato vs. Freud on Metaphysics Plato and Freud have made great strides in their respective fields of study. Both men have made a lasting impact on the way we now as humans view the world that we live in. Plato and Freud have similarities in views that they share but they also have some differences metaphysically. Plato believes that what is ultimately real are ideas, he believes that images are imperfect representations of the perfect concepts. While Freud believes what is physically real is by the evolution of man. Freud ultimately puts his faith in what he can see and analyze in front of him instead of what he cannot. Freud developed a â€Å"talking cure† which he would let the hysterical patient talk freely about the earliest occurrences which would then entirely eliminate the patient’s symptoms.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦developed the idea that many neuroses (phobias, hysterical paralysis and pains, some forms of paranoia, and so forth) had their origins in deeply traumatic experiences, which had occurred in the patient’s past but which were now forgotten–hidden from consciousness. The treatment was to enable the patient to recall the experience to consciousness, to confront it in a deep way both intellectually and emotionally, and in thus discharging it, to remove the underlying psychological causes of the neurotic symptoms.† Plato answers the question of metaphysics by saying of ideas and ideal forms and Freud answers the metaphysical question through his belief in hu man nature. For Plato what is ultimately real are ideas and Ideal forms. Plato believes that the object was constantly changing so the ideal form is what was ultimately real. Everything in existence has a form of perfection for itself. All things in the physical world work in their existence to approach their perfection. An object, living or dead, always works in some way or another to meet its nature. For example, if you have a brand new table in your house the brand new table itself is not perfect. It is not perfect because the table itself is in a constant state of change. There is however a perfect ideal form of the table that does not change. â€Å"It is most of all from Plato that we get the theory of Forms, according to which the world we know through the senses is only an imitation of the pure, eternal, and unchanging world of the Forms.† While on the other hand Freud believes ultimately what is real is physical matter the whole universe is in evolution, which means he believes in no God or Gods. He concludes that all religious beliefs are illusions that have little proof. Freud also believed that the evolution that man had endured from the beginning to where he stood presently is what is ultimately real. â€Å"The psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, whose practice began in 1885, believed that each person’s subconscious mind was fraught with desires stemming from earlier phases of evolution. These desires, suppressed by modern society, accounted for much of neurotic behavior. Likewise, an individual’s personality was at least partially determined by heredity.† Freud believes that evolution plays a very pressing role in the lives of humans and that is what is real in the world. Further, what is ultimately real about humans is that man is the highest and most complex of all living creatures whose personali ty is composed of three interacting parts—the Id, the Ego and the Super-ego. The Id (or it) part of the psyche is the primitive instinctive component of personality. It consists of all of the inherited biological components of personality including the sex life. The Id is impulsive and unconscious and responds immediately to the instincts of human beings. The personality of a newborn child is all id and later it starts to develop ego and superego. The ego develops in order to mediate between the unrealistic id and the external real world. It is the decision-making component of personality. The ego only satisfies the id on the realistic terms sometimes compromises to avoid negative consequences of society. The superego incorporates the values and morals of society, which are learned from ones parents and others. It develops around the age of 3 – 5 during the phallic stage of psychosexual development. Through all of these different stages in personally there are some check and balance stages that go along with stages. For example if the id wants somethin g that is wrong and the ego lets the person have such thing, guilt can come into play. â€Å"The superego consists of two systems: The conscience and the ideal self. The conscience can punish the ego through causing feelings of guilt. For example, if the ego gives in to id demands, the superego may make the person feel bad though guilt.† Freud and Plato have made great strides in influencing the world after their work in their respective fields was completed. Freud has influenced many great psychologists after him and Plato has done the same in his respective field of philosophy. Freud influenced the minds such as: Anna Freud, Melanie Klein, Karen Horney, Alfred Alder, Erik Erikson, and Carl Jung. Freud’s influences in his field were great toward the constant search for a deeper analysis of how the mind works. â€Å"His work supported the belief that not all mental illnesses have physiological causes and he also offered evidence that cultural differences have an impact on psychology and behavior. His work and writings contributed to our understanding of personality, clinical psychology, human development and abnormal psychology.† Plato as well left a lasting impression on philosophers after him. He gave great insight to know the world around him works and functions. Plato’s ideas were used to jus tify some religions and certain academic subjects. Plato gave a lot to the teachers and scholars after him. â€Å"In his lifetime he was the most celebrated teacher of his day. After his death his ideas were taken up by countless other thinkers. Philo of Alexandria used Platos ideas to give a philosophical framework to Judaism. Early Christian writers eagerly embraced Platos thought as the best available instrument for explaining and defending the teachings of the Bible and church tradition. Of the Christian Platonists, St. Augustine of Hippo was the best known and most influential. Platos influence spread into Islam as well, through the writings of the philosophers Avicenna and Averroes.† Freud and Plato are not just polar opposites they have things in common as well. They both thought that trouble in the human soul/mind arises when the three parts dont work in harmony with each other. Plato thought that the key to such harmonious relationship was to yield control to the rat ional soul; after all, he was the founder of the rationalist program in philosophy. Freud, on the other hand, concentrated on dealing with the id by means of psychoanalytical techniques. The difference of these men is clearly seen but they also have ideas that intertwine them. Plato thought the human soul, which we now call the mind, was made up of three parts: appetitive, rational, and the spiritual soul. Freud in turn in his career built a system around Plato’s comparable ideas. The system was: id similar to the appetitive soul, ego similar to the rational soul, and superego similar to the spiritual soul. Both men have given the world a foundation to build upon and expand their theories. References Brickhouse, Thomas, and Nicolas D. Smith. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Plato []. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014. Thornton, Stephen P. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Freud, Sigmund []. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014. KR, Holmes. Result Filters. National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 27 Feb. 2014. Lorenz, Hendrik. Ancient Theories of Soul. Stanford University. Stanford University, 23 Oct. 2003. Web. 27 Feb. 2014.

To what extent does Jane Eyre’s past affect her fate? :: English Literature

To what extend does Jane Eyre’s past affect her fate? Charlotte Brontà « uses many different ways to affect Jane Eyre’s fate. By giving Jane a difficult and tiresome childhood from a very young age it has an effect on her adult life. From a very early age Jane Eyre had a very unusual childhood. She started in a very unloving family with her aunts and cousins. She felt unloved and had a sense of refusal. Her cousin John beat her and she always hit back. When she did so, she was often caught and locked in the red room. Her auntie sent her to Loward boarding school. This was a very worrying time for Jane because already at the age of around 10 she has had no love and care in her life. The boarding school didn’t aid her in anyway. At boarding school Jane did not fit in. Again she was not cared for. She felt unsafe, unhappy, but does find her first friend. Helen Burns is a real turning point in Jane’s life. Jane really stood up for her new friend too. When Helen gets punished Jane stays with her. Little bits like this help to shape Jane into a Lady and who she will be when she is older. Jane’s new friend was a good believer in God. When Helen was very ill, Jane realises that Helen is in trouble and could die, Helen tells Jane what will happen when she dies. â€Å"I am very happy, Jane; and when you hear that I am dead, you must be sure and not grieve: there is nothing to grieve about.† This scene takes part in Helen’s bed, and is a very touching scene of the two girls bonding. The scene is clam and relaxed. By using long sentences, you can get a feel that Helen’s voice is soft, and that there is there are no interruptions. Helen goes on later to say, â€Å"I have only a father, and he is lately married, and will not miss me. By dying young, I shall escape great sufferings. I had not qualities or talents to make my way very well in the world: I should have been continually at fault† Jane and Helen have something in common here. The girls both have the sense that their families don’t love them and that they are in life on their own. But, now they have found each other, the girls are comforted that they are not the only ones. Helen has her own beliefs and opinions too. â€Å"†¦my Maker and yours, who will never destroy what He created. I rely

The Discovery of DNA

It is amazing how important things are being discovered by persons who spend most of their lives dedicated to research. It is perhaps more amazing how a scientist discovers one thing while trying to discover other things. Imagine if no one was patient enough to conduct experiments to prove their assumptions. If that was the case, we would not know today that DNA is the genetic material. This paper will discuss how DNA was discovered, its structure and the scientists who contributed to the discovery.Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is considered as the molecular blueprint of life that can be passed to the next generation. It was discovered in 1953 (University of Georgia, 2007) from experiments seeking to understand bacterial pneumonia which claimed many lives during the twentieth century. During these experiments, researchers stumbled into discoveries which later on became the reagents for further experiments leading to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material (O’Connor, 2008).D NA looks like a twisted ladder wherein rungs are secured by two out of four molecules that are interlocking. These molecules are nucleic acid bases. The four molecules include thymine, adenine, cytosine, and guanine (University of Georgia, 2007). Certain scientists have been notable for conducting experiments leading to the discovery of DNA. One of these was Oswald Avery whose team was trying to find out how to treat lobular pneumonia. From his experiments, he proved that DNA indeed carries genetic information.During that time, many people believed that the gene would be made up of protein and not nucleic acid (WGBH, 1998). Another scientist which contributed to DNA discovery was Frederick Griffith who, in 1928, conducted an experiment utilizing pneumonia bacteria and mice. Recent studies pointed that Griffith’s experiment was one of many others hinting that DNA was the hereditary material. Griffith assumed from his experiment, wherein he used a smooth (S) and rough (R) strai ns of Streptococcus pneumoniae on a mice, that polysaccharide coating was the cause of the illness to the mice.Further into his experiment, he found out that something in the living cell, and not the polysaccharides, caused the disease. Later on he speculated that the R strain bacteria he injected into the mice has absorbed the dead S strain bacteria’s genetic material. Furthermore, he speculated that the protein contained in the chromosomes was not the genetic bacteria due to the finding that heat denatures protein (Biology at Clermont College, n. d. ). At first, Avery was skeptical of the results of Griffith’s experiment. However, other researchers further studied Griffith’s findings.In 1931, Sia and Dawson found out that transformation, a process wherein one strain absorbs the genetic material of another strain and becomes that bacterium, could also take place in liquid cultures of pneumococci and mice. In 1948, Linus Pauling found out that proteins are shape d in alpha helix, which looks like a spring coil. Another significant discovery took place two years later, when Erwin Chargaff discovered an important foundation of the description of DNA: nitrogen bases in DNA varied, but some bases occur in one-to-one ratio.Pauling’s findings have further aroused interest into two researchers, namely: Francis Crick and James Watson. They were not the only ones interested in studying DNA. Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin from London were also studying DNA. Franklin discovered the possibility that DNA can occur in two forms. It depends on the humidity of the air. Franklin figured out that the molecule’s phosphate was located on the outside. Watson and Crick, determined to redeem their studies after a failed model, conceptualized that there are two chains of nucleotides in the molecule.These two chains were in a helix, as what Franklin has discovered, but one chain was moving to the opposite direction of another. Furthermore, they believed that the strands of DNA molecule served as the template for the other. The strands separate during cell division. In addition, a new half is built on each strand. The team found out that this was the way DNA reproduces without change in its structure (WGBH, 1998). The discovery of DNA was considered as the most important biological work and it has paved the way for further experiments and studies. Crick and Watson won the Nobel Prize for their findings. References Biology at Clermont College. (n.d). DNA structure and function. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/dna.htm O’Connor, C. (2008). Discovery of DNA as the hereditary material using Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nature Education, 1(1). University of Georgia. (2007). Study suggests how DNA building block might have formed. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from http://www.world-science.net/othernews/071102_adenine.htm WGBH. (1998). Watson and Crick describe structure of DNA. Retrieved January 30, 2009, from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/do53dn.html

Love and Power in Marriage as Portrayed in A Doll House

A Doll’s House by Ibsen has become a starting moment for a new step in the development of drama genre. Prior to this play, Ibsen’s contemporary drama consisted of behavior plays and historical theatre. But A Doll’s House added a new aspect to the problems highlighted by the contemporary drama. Ibsen in his play introduced a crucial examination of social issues, and the nature of Victorian marriage. By revealing the background of Helmer marriage Ibsen makes the intimate private and stands up for women identity. Revealing the secrecy of marriage Ibsen overturns the customary roles of a woman and a man as they were regarded by the society before. Marriage in Victorian Society Ibsen provides Nora with the new role different from the role of wife and mother that was an innovation for the contemporary society. As it was customary to refer to woman’s identity in the context of her marital role, Ibsen’s play appeared as a protest, and this play is still regarded as a feminist writing, although the author denied it. The author touched a few intertwined themes, but marital relations are one of the most crucial issues, referred to in the play. Victorian age was cruel towards human identity in general, let alone woman’s individuality. The economical background buried the interest to the individuality within the society. During the period after the French Revolution the thirst for individual freedom was replaced by the economic power, and as the result, women were deprived of the power more than ever. Nora’s changed attitude towards her marriage is not just a problem in the relations between a husband and wife; it is the symbol of the most serious problems of bourgeois values of the middle class. By rejecting the marriage, Nora also denies these values, thus demonstrating the opposition between identity and economical stability: â€Å"I should try to become a human being† (Act Three) A Doll’s House reflects Ibsen’s own relation to the problem of woman’s self-expression. He was sure that women could express themselves, their individuality but in a real life woman’s role in marriage came to a sacrifice. Neither husbands nor society treated women as equals with their spouses. The scene of Torvald being afraid of his employers believing that he had been influenced by his wife is a perfect illustration of the relation to women in Victorian society. Marriage in Victorian society became a kind of a social trap, worse for woman than for men. Divorce was not forbidden, but it was accompanied by such a strong social ban that it could ever be regarded as the possible way to resolve the problems in family life. That’s why Torvald shows his inner weakness by his desire to pretend that he and Nora had a happy family, rather than bear the social antagonism: â€Å"From this moment happiness is not the question; all that concerns us is to save the remains, the fragments, the appearance – † (Act Three) On the contrary, Nora, as the symbol of woman, who wasn’t treated as a powerful identity, shows her force by her serious intentions in finding her individuality. Nora feels a fragility of love, but she doesn’t give up and feels the power to build a new happy life instead of her unhappy marriage. Love and Power in the Marriage of Torvald and Nora Nora, who at the beginning was displayed as a happy woman full of love and devoted to her family, realizes that that her happiness is just her dream, but not reality. Thus, she and her husband exchange their roles – Nora is strong enough to face the reality, while her husband is afraid of everything that may damage his habitual life. Nora understands that she was treated like a child used for amusement. The men around her, her husband and her father wanted to see her helpless, seeing her only mission in serving them: â€Å"I have existed merely to perform tricks for you, Torvald. But you wanted it like that. You and father have committed a great sin against me. It is your fault that I have made nothing of my life. Our home has been nothing but a playroom. I have been your doll-wife, just as at home I was father's doll-child; and here the children have been my dolls.† (Act Three) This is how the concept and picture of marriage changes as the plot of the play goes. At the beginning of the play Nora and her husband seem to be a happy family, a husband and a wife who love each other. However, this happiness and love are built on a lie. Nora pretends that she is helpless without Torvald’s protection and power: I would never dream of doing anything you didn’t want me to† and â€Å"I never get anywhere without your help† (Act One), while the reader and spectator knows that she has already rescued Torvald’s life, and Nora’s words acquires dramatically ironical nature. When Mrs. Linde asks Nora if he ever reveals her secret about the loan, Nora shows her awareness of Torvald’s real attitude to her as to a beautiful doll, which has to amuse him: â€Å"Yes – some day, perhaps, after many years, when I am no longer as pretty as I am now. Don't laugh at me! I mean, of course, when Torvald is no longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing-up and reciting have palled on him then it may be a good thing to have something in reserve.† (Act One) Conclusion As the play starts, Nora makes an impression of a weak and powerless woman, whose life is fully devoted to her family life, while Torvald seems to be the personification of power and domination. Their relations are set against the life story of Mrs. Linde, who at first denied her strong love to gain power and financial security. But by the end of the play the situation changes, Nora finds herself and her individuality although loses her love, and Mrs. Linde turns back to her true feelings. The problems shown with the help of characters’ interaction are not resolved by the author. Ibsen demonstrates the conflicts, but does not give any ways out. He just offers the possibilities, offering the readers and spectators to find their own viewpoint and solution. Related article: â€Å"My Ideal Wife† References Ibsen H. (1991) A Doll's House, Tram. W. Archer. London               

Progressivism in American History

Progressivism in American History The progressives were reformers who initiated a progressive movement in American society in order to eliminate the evils that faced it during industrialization era (West Schambra, 2007). This group initiated the movement during 19th century and went on until the early phase of 20th Century (Sage, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Progressivism in American History specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These reformers aimed at improving the social, economic, political and cultural aspects of American society. The movement came into existence due to rapid changes that had been accelerated by industrial growth and rise of capitalism in America. The proponents of progressivism aimed at modifying society to adopt a new system that would be compatible with industrial era. It is evident that there were myriad of proponents of the movement. Besides, majority of the progressives were natives who were mainly composed of secret balloters, pacifists, workers’ advocates, muckrakers and child-welfare advocates (Sage, 2010). This paper discusses goals of the progressive movement and concerns over the problems that faced political and economic activities in America during the time period between 19th and 20th century. Who were the progressives (name at least four and explain their goals and concerns) and what did they achieve? Prominent representatives of progressivism included Theodore Roosevelt, Charles Merriam, Frank Wright and Sinclair Upton (Sage, 2010). These reformists had numerous goals of transforming society from the ancient conventional principles of governance into modern way of doing things. Intellectuals and reformers were in haste to advocate for social welfare which entailed equal employment opportunities and better working conditions. This occurred during the eve of Cold War where more social reformists were advocating for protection of prisoners and people with disabilities (W est Schambra, 2007). Moreover, the reformers advocated for abolition of tribulations like slave trade, racial injustices and child labor. During the second wave of progressivism, the reformers aimed at reconstructing society in order to guarantee rights of women. In line with this, the movement aimed at eradicating social Darwinism. This would ensure that the rich and poor people would assume equal positions in society (Sage, 2010). Politically, the reformers targeted at eliminating corruption and unjustified influence in governance. Economically, there was relentless struggle to eliminate unfair trade and the government was obliged to control all economic concerns to promote justice. Successfully, the progressives made lot of achievements that changed the countenance of American society.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, they were able to eradicate hazar dous working conditions, child labor, slave trade and racial injustices. Politically, corruption was decimated with the emergence of strong local government officials thus eliminating fraudulent mayoral schemes (West Schambra, 2007). What were the main concerns of the progressives over the corruption in economic activities and political activities and how were they interconnected? It is apparent that although the progressives had different concerns for the society on how to eliminate economic and political problems, at times, their motives were interrelated. For instance, there was concern over suffrage whereby only the whites had mandate to vote (Sage, 2010). This impacted negatively on the economic and political life of the minor natives in America (West Schambra, 2007). A concern for prohibition of drugs and liquors was meant to improve the social framework of the society thus reflecting positively to economic development and politics. There was also concern over political refo rms in which natives were allowed to make initiatives for themselves. This would ensure that the government did not curtail their economic and political freedom. Besides, there were anti-monopoly reforms to eliminate competitive market prices and profits (Sage, 2010). In an economic perspective, this was perceived as threat to big businesses in the sense that uncontrolled market forces were unfair even to consumers. To emphasize on the afoprementioned concerns, their eradication highly contributed to both economic and political welfare of the state (West Schambra, 2007). Conclusion To recap it all, it is imperative to reiterate that industrial developments that were witnessed in 19th century fueled the rise of progressivism. In a more vigorous manner, the reformers in the movement set their goals and concerns on self-interests. This resulted into numerous groups participating in the movement such as businessmen, anti-racists, workers, child advocators and anti-liquors. Significantl y, major representatives had different motives though in few instances they shared common views. Moreover, there was intense transformation of the American society whereby the achievements made impacted positively to the economic, political, social and cultural phases. These achievements included eradication of racism, child labor, slavery, poor working conditions and social Darwinism.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Progressivism in American History specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Sage, J. (2010). The Progressive Era: The Great Age of Reform. Web. West, T. Schambra, W. (2007). The Progressive Movement and the Transformation of American Politic. Web.

Global Expansion of Beyond Bank Australia into Doha, Qatar, Asia

Global Expansion of Beyond Bank Australia into Doha, Qatar, Asia Introduction Background information Beyond Bank is a firm that operates in the Australian banking industry. The bank ranks as one of the largest customer-owned banks in Australia. The bank’s headquartered are located at the Australian Capital Territory in South Australia.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Global Expansion of Beyond Bank Australia into Doha, Qatar, Asia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The bank has undergone significant changes with regard to its operations and structure. Initially, the bank operated as a credit union under the name Community CPS Australia. However, the firm transformed its structure into a mutual bank in 2013 through a merger between CPS Credit Union Cooperative Limited and Commonwealth Public Servants Credit Union. In an effort to provide its banking services to a large number of customers in Australia, Beyond Bank has established a number of branches in different territories in Australia such as New South Wales. Currently, Beyond Bank has established 49 branches and it has a total human resource base of 600 employees. Beyond Bank is committed to increasing its customer base in order to achieve a high level of financial stability. It is estimated that the bank had a total customer base of 195,000 by the end of 2013. Subsequently, the bank has managed to improve its financial stability with its total assets estimated to amount to $4 billion. Furthermore, the bank has increased its shareholding to 202,000. In an effort to meet the customers’ needs, Beyond Bank has diversified its product and service portfolio. The bank offers diverse services such as business banking and personal banking. Other financial services that the firm offers to its customers include term deposits, accounting and tax services, insurance, and loans. Furthermore, Beyond Bank provides customers with financial planning services. In the course of its operations, Beyond Bank is co mmitted towards achieving a high level of prosperity. Subsequently, the bank has developed an effective distribution network by developing a comprehensive network of over 3,000 automated teller machines. Moreover, the bank has developed a strong working relationship with various community groups in an effort to achieve social sustainability through corporate social responsibility (Beyond Bank Australia 2014).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The firm seeks to achieve its growth and profit maximisation targets. In a bid to achieve this goal, the firm’s management team appreciates the importance of integrating the concept of internationalisation in its strategic management practices. Pride and Ferrell (2006) argue that internationalisation enables a firm to achieve its profit maximisation and growth objective. This assertion emanates from the view that venturi ng into the international market presents an organisation with a wide range of opportunities. Sandhusen (2008) asserts that the intensity of competition in the foreign market might be lower as compared to the local market. Therefore, there is a high probability of a firm maximising its profits by exploiting the prevailing market opportunities is relatively high. This goal can be achieved by adopting diverse growth strategies in the international market such as new product development. Moreover, an organisation may decide to market its existing products in the new market. Currently, the Beyond Bank’s operations are mainly based in Australia. The firm has identified Qatar as one of the most viable investment destinations in its market expansion efforts. Currently, Beyond Bank has not established its presence in Asia. Qatar is ranked amongst the fastest growing economies in the Gulf region. The growth has arisen from the adoption of effective economic policies such as liberalisa tion of various economic sectors. Additionally, Qatar has adopted effective economic policies such as formation of free zones. This move has played a remarkable role in enhancing trade with other countries. Moreover, Qatar has entered various free trading agreements with other GCC countries. Qatar is experiencing a high rate of economic growth in most of its economic sectors. The financial services sector is ranked amongst the fastest growing economic sectors in the country. A report released by the Qatar National Bank (2013) ranked the Qatar banking industry as the fastest growing amongst the GCC banking sector and the growth rate was estimated to be 18.4% by June 2013. Furthermore, the report asserts that the industry will experience a high rate of growth arising from the government’s efforts to stimulate economic growth in an effort to restore the country’s economic status, which was affected adversely by the 2008 global economic recession (Qatar National Bank 2013) .Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Global Expansion of Beyond Bank Australia into Doha, Qatar, Asia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Objective This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the internationalisation strategies that Beyond Bank should adopt in its effort to improve its market presence in Asia. The report specifically focuses on Qatar as the potential foreign expansion destination. During its initial market entry phase, Beyond Bank intends to establish its physical presence in Doha before expanding to other regions of Qatar. The report is intended to illustrate how Beyond Bank’s management team can successfully penetrate the Qatar banking industry. The report is organised into a number of sections, which include an illustration of company situation, an analysis of the target market, and evaluation of the market entry strategies that the firm should adopt. Finally, a number of recommendations t hat the firm should consider in its operations in the host country are outlined. Analysis of the target market [Qatar] The decision to target Qatar arises from the high potential for growth as illustrated by the industry structure. Currently, Qatar has 18 banks, which are located in different parts of the country. The chart below illustrates the constitution of Qatar banking industry. Type of Bank Number Commercial banks 6 Islamic banks 4 Foreign banks 7 Government owned bank [Qatar Development Bank] 1 Table 1 number of banks in Australia Source: (Austrade 2011) The Qatar banking industry has experienced significant increment in the volume of deposits over the past few years. For example in 2012, total deposits increased by a 26% margin and this trend further continued in 2013 whereby deposits increased by a further 17% total (Qatar National Bank 2013).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This growth was largely associated with growth in the public sector. Moreover, the private sector has also contributed significantly to the industry’s growth. For example, the volume of deposits from the private sector increased by 16% in 2012 (Qatar National Bank 2013). Qatar banks have experienced a significant improvement in their ratings over the past few years. This aspect illustrates the effectiveness with which the banks have implemented corporate governance concepts. Furthermore, the high rating is an illustration of the Qatar government’s commitment in creating an environment conducive for investment in the banking industry. The rating by major rating agencies such as Standard’s Poors, Capital Intel, Fitch and Moody’s has improved their ability to access the international bond markets. The chart below illustrates the rating of the top 5 banks in Qatar (Qatar National Bank 2013). Standard Poors Moody’s Fitch Capital Intel Doha Bank A- A2 A A Masraf Al Rayan A2 Qatar Investment Bank A Qatar National Bank A+ Aa3 A+ AA- Commercial Bank A- A1 A A Table 2 rating of major banks in Qatar Source; (Qatar National Bank 2013). The Qatar banking industry has also been characterised by significant increment in the level of profitability. For example, during the first half of 2013, the industry experienced an 8.9% increment in the level of profits. The industry is expected to sustain its profitability in 2014 due to the high infrastructure spending by the national government. Subsequently, there is a high probability of banks in the industry experiencing significant opportunity with regard to credit growth. The table below illustrates the trend in the industry’s profitability during the period ranging between 2008 and June 2013 (Qatar National Bank 2013). Year Growth rate % 2008 2.8 2009 2.8 2010 3.5 2011 4.3 2012 4.6 2013 (H1) 2.4 Table 3: profit growth amongst banks in Qatar Gra ph 1 Source- (Qatar National Bank 2013) SWOT analysis Kazmi (2008) argues that businesses are subject to the environment in which they operate. Subsequently, it is imperative for organisational managers to develop a broad understanding of the prevailing environments. Since its inception, Beyond Bank has been committed to managing its internal and external environments. The chart below illustrates the degree to which Beyond Bank has managed its internal and external environments by illustrating the firm’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths Financial stability:Beyond Bank Australia has achieved financial stability by focusing on profit maximisation and growth. By the end of 2013, the total assets under its management amounted to $4 billion (Beyond BankAustralia 2014) Networks:Beyond Bank has adopted an effective distribution strategy by establishing over 3,000 Automated Teller Machines, and 49 branches in different parts of Australia. This has playe d a significant role in improving the bank’s ability to access a large number of customers in the local market. Human resource base:the bank has developed a well-qualified and efficient workforce, which increases the firm’s effectiveness in offering quality customer services. The firm has a total human resource base of over 600 employees. Customer base: Beyond Bank enjoys a relatively high customer base of over 195,000 customers. These customers have played a fundamental role in enhancing the firm’s level of profitability and market expansion. Corporate social responsibility Beyond Bank Australia is ranked as the leading customer-owned banks in Australia. The bank has integrated the concept of corporate social responsibility by developing a strong working relationship with community-based organisations. Subsequently, the bank has achieved a high level of sustainability with regard to the social dimension. Weaknesses Competition;the bank is facing intense competi tion in both its local and international markets. Some of the top competitors in the local market include National Australia Bank Limited, Commonwealth Bank of Australia and Australia New Zealand Banking Group Limited. Distribution the bank’s outlets and ATMs are still fewer as compared to those of its competitors. Opportunities Global expansion;the firm can deal with this challenge by expanding into the international market. The bank should target emerging economies in order to leverage on the economic growth of these countries. Technology: the banking industry has experienced significant changes due to the high rate of technological changes. Subsequently, the bank should consider improving its operational efficiency and level of customer service by investing in new banking technologies. This aspect will enhance Beyond Bank ability to develop new banking products. Customer focus; Beyond Bank Australia can achieve a high level of market growth by adopting effective customer focus strategies in its service delivery. Threats Economic environment; the worsening economic environment in New Zealand and Australia presents a major challenge in the firm’s ability to achieve its profit maximisation objective. Legal environment;regulatory changes such as the imposition of credit limits can affect the bank’s ability to offer efficient financial services to customers. Fraud:the bank’s credibility might be affected by occurrence of fraud and money laundering, which are on the increase in the banking industry (Mitchell Satter 2013) Table 4- Beyond Bank Australia SWOT analysis Company situation analysis Company strategies Strategy formulation is vital in organisations’ efforts to achieve long-term success (Carroll Buchholtz 2014). Subsequently, failure to implement effective strategies can affect an organisation’s ability to achieve its goals. Carroll and Buchholtz (2014, p.129) further assert, ‘Firms have several levels at which strategic decisions are made, or the strategy process occurs’. These strategies range from formulation of goals, vision, and mission to high risk strategies involving high degree of uncertainty. Organisational managers should consider different levels of strategy in their strategic management practices and they include corporate, business, and functional level strategies. The functional-level strategies aim at improving an organisation’s operations at different levels of operation. On the other hand, corporate level strategies are concerned with developing a comprehensive definition of how a firm intends to achieve long-term business sustainability, and thus they enhance an organisation’s ability to achieve business growth and long-term profitability (Saee 2007). Some of the main corporate level strategies adopted by businesses include formation of mergers, divestitures, and acquisitions (Ireland, Hoskisson Hitt 2008). Business level strategies aim at ensuring that an organisation achieves the desired market position and competitive advantage. Additionally, business-level strategies focus at ensuring that an organisation is effective in responding to market changes. Subsequently, business level strategies enable organisations to achieve a high degree of operational efficiency in coordinating and uniting the functional level strategies. Beyond Bank Australia has integrated the aforementioned levels in its strategy formulation process. In its functional level, Beyond Bank Australia has integrated three main departments, which include personal banking, corporate banking, and business banking departments. By integrating these functional levels, Beyond Bank has achieved a high degree of operational efficiency and effectiveness. Business level strategies In its pursuit for competitive advantage, Beyond Bank has adopted two main business level strategies, which include differentiation and focus strategies. Customer focus The firmâ€⠄¢s focus strategy is illustrated by its commitment to serve a large number of customer groups. Subsequently, it must develop a broad product portfolio in order to meet the customers’ needs. Moreover, the broad range of products provides the firm with a high degree of flexibility to serve the target customer groups efficiently. Beyond Bank Australia intends to increase and sustain its customer base by offering a broad range of financial products per customer group. The firm mainly focuses on three main products, which include insurance, wealth, and deposits. In an effort to develop a strong customer base, Beyond Bank Australia has adopted a comprehensive sustainability strategy, which entails assisting its customers to attain sustainable financial future in an environment that is characterised by a high rate of economic changes. For example, the bank assists its customers in managing their wealth by offering different asset management services (Beyond Bank Australia 2014). In an effort to achieve a high level of efficiency in its operation, Beyond Bank Australia has established a number of subsidiaries, which include: Beyond Bank Australia Wealth Management Beyond Taxation Services Beyond Business and Accounting Services Each of the above subsidiaries specialises in a specific area of operation. For example, Eastwoods Wealth Management Pty Limited specialises in provision of financial planning services. On the other hand, Eastwood Accounting and Taxation Pty Limited specialises in provision of accounting and taxation services. The bank has established three main divisions, which offer financial services to specific customer groups in its New Zealand, Australian, and near pacific markets. The first group includes the Australian Financial Services, which is responsible for offering business and retail financial services. Differentiation strategy Schermerhorn (2010) asserts that differentiation is achieved by offering customers’ unique products an d services. In an effort to attract and retain a large number of customers, Beyond Bank Australia has also integrated the concept of differentiation, as evidenced by its digital innovation projects. The projects aim at ensuring that the customers’ personal information is adequately protected. This has been achieved by implementing an ePayment Code, whose purpose is to regular electronic payment. The ePayment Code ensures that the customers’ transactions through mobile, ATMs, internet and eftpos platforms are protected (Beyond Bank Australia 2014) Corporate level strategies In an effort to achieve its desired level of growth and competitiveness, Beyond Bank has integrated the concept of mergers and acquisition in its strategic management practices. In 2013, CPS Credit Union Cooperative Limited merged with Commonwealth Public Servants Credit Union leading to formation of Beyond Bank Australia. The Australian banking industry is characterised by a relatively high degree o f rivalry arising from the large number of competitors. Currently, there are 56 banks [both local and foreign] established in Australia. The chart below illustrates the intensity of competition in the Australian banking industry. Figure 1 summary of Porter’s five forces; Australian banking industry Source: (Austrade 2011) Internationalisation and global expansion Internationalisation strategy into Qatar The above analysis shows that there is a high potential for growth in the Qatar banking industry. In a bid to exploit this market opportunity, Beyond Bank should consider adopting the most effective market entry strategy. Levi (2006) argues that selection of the mode of entry is subject to a number of factors, which include The level of competition in the foreign market The company size with regard to its financial and asset base. Nature of the product or service being offered by the firm Goal of the company in the international market The prevailing trade barriers The abo ve analysis identifies Qatar as a potential investment destination as illustrated by the intensity of competition and lack of trade barriers. Furthermore, an analysis of Beyond Bank Australia shows that the bank has developed a substantial asset and financial base. Furthermore, the firm intends to increase its profitability by venturing into new markets. Below is an analysis of the internationalisation strategies that the firm should consider. Direct investment Beyond Bank Australia should consider adopting the concept of foreign direct investment in its market entry. This strategy will entail establishing new branches in Doha, Qatar. One of the major benefits of adopting this strategy is that the firm will have total control of the operations of the new branch. Through direct acquisition, the bank will be in a position to develop quick access in Qatar due to the already established market network. Furthermore, direct acquisition will present the firm with a high probability of succ ess due to the low degree of risk involved compared to Greenfield investment. Klug (2006) argues that Greenfield investment in a foreign country is risky because of the high costs involved despite the view that the firm has full control of the firm. Furthermore, gaining free enterprise in the host country through Greenfield market entry method will take a substantial amount of time. This assertion arises from the view that the firm will be required to establish its own distribution networks and setup operations from the scratch. Therefore, the firm might experience competitive challenges during its initial market entry phase from the already established firms. Joint ventures and strategic alliances Beyond Bank Australia should also consider investing in joint ventures in order to improve the effectiveness with which it penetrates the Qatar banking industry. The firm should identify a potential local bank in Qatar whereby it can purchase major shares, which will lead to the establish ment of a new entity. Through the joint venture, Beyond Bank Australia will have substantial control power. Subsequently, the bank will make operation and investment decisions. In addition to control, joint ventures will provide the bank with an opportunity to access sufficient knowledge of the local market. Moreover, Beyond Bank Australia will improve its competitive advantage by enhancing the prevailing network of relationships (KPMG 2013). Furthermore, the firm should consider integrating the concept of a strategic alliance by identifying a potential local firm with whom the alliance should be made. For example, the firm should identify a potential firm offering Islamic banking products in Qatar to increase its product portfolio by developing a new Islamic financial product (Hossain 2009). Conclusion and recommendations The report shows that Beyond Bank has managed to develop a strong market presence in Australia and New Zealand. Moreover, the firm has entered some Asian markets such as China and Asia. However, the firm has not fully penetrated the Asian market. Subsequently, it is imperative for the firm to conduct a comprehensive market research in order to identify potential markets to enter. One of the markets that the firm should consider entering is Qatar, which is one of the emerging economies in the GCC region. The Qatar banking industry has experienced significant growth over the past few years. The growth has arisen from increment in the rate of government spending on infrastructural projects. The appropriateness of the Qatar banking industry is further enhanced by the view that the intensity of competition is relatively low. Subsequently, the firm should consider investing in Qatar in an effort to achieve its growth and profit maximisation goals. However, the firm’s success in Qatar will be determined by the effectiveness with which it undertakes the internationalisation process. The firm’s management team should consider the follow ing aspects. Merger and acquisition To improve the likelihood of succeeding, the firm should identify a local bank in the host country that it can acquire. However, the firm should conduct a comprehensive analysis of the targeted firm for acquisition in order to determine its efficacy. For example, the bank should conduct a cultural analysis of the identified firm in order to determine the degree of cultural fit between the two firms. Previous studies show that most mergers and acquisitions fail due to lack of effective cultural analysis in order to determine the degree of cultural fit. Beyond Bank Australia should compare its organisational culture with that of the targeted firm to aid in determining the degree of congruence between the two firm’s cultures. A high degree of cultural fit will minimise the likelihood of the firm experiencing conflict amongst employees after the merger. Consequently, the likelihood of Beyond Bank succeeding in its integration phase will improve significantly. Strategic partnerships It is imperative for the firm’s management team to consider entering strategic alliance with already established an already established bank in Qatar. This move will provide the bank with an opportunity to penetrate the host market effectively and efficiently by leveraging on the strategic partners’ distribution network. Subsequently, it is imperative for the Beyond Bank’s management team to identify the most effective strategic partners. Some of the aspects that the firm should identify relates to the target firm’s distribution network, corporate governance, and quality of products. New product development To succeed in Qatar, Beyond Bank should identify the prevailing market opportunity that it can easily exploit in order to maximise its profitability. The analysis shows that Beyond Bank has managed to develop a substantial competitive advantage due to its strong financial base. However, it is important for the fir m’s management team to consider leveraging on its financial capability in the international market. Subsequently, the firm should invest in a comprehensive consumer and competitor market research. Consumer market research will aid in understanding the customers’ needs and expectations. On the other hand, competitor market research will aid in identifying market gaps that the firm can exploit. One of the areas the areas that the firm should consider relates to the types of Islamic products offered by local banks. Subsequently, the firm will attract new customer groups hence increasing its profitability. Organisational culture The success of Beyond Bank in its target market will be subject to the organisational culture developed. Therefore, it is imperative for the firm’s management team to nurture an efficient and effective organisational culture. Some of the aspects that the management team should take into account include adopting a flatter organisational struc ture. This move will improve the effectiveness with which decisions are made and hence the likelihood of the firm exploiting the prevailing market opportunities. Distribution network The report shows that the bank has established over 1,400 outlets globally. Upon entering the Qatar banking industry, Beyond Bank Australia should consider increasing its market presence by establishing additional retail outlets. This move will improve the effectiveness with which the firm offers financial services to a large number of customer groups. Customer service The bank’s ability to attract and retain customers in the host country and hence its long-term survival will be determined by the quality of services’ profits. Subsequently, it is imperative for Beyond Bank Australia to invest in a comprehensive customer service program by developing an employee training and development program in order to improve the level of their skills and knowledge on how to serve customers. One of the aspects that the firm should focus on relates to the host country’s culture. Furthermore, the firm should focus on developing a strong customer relationship in order to improve the level of loyalty. Previous studies conducted show that the quality of banking services provided has a significant influence on the level of customer loyalty developed. Reference List Austrade: Australia banking industry 2011, google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0CC0QFjAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.austrade.gov.au%2FArticleDocuments%2F2792%2FAustralias-Banking-Industry.pdf.aspxei=IhtqU5HXD8vZygO6tYHIBAusg=AFQjCNEnUaPm6iEptkV7ZfW-tTGpe-zZoQsig2=OKTCBmbAygae3kojsmPbCQbvm=bv.66111022,d.bGQ Beyond Bank Australia: At Beyond Bank Australia, we’re the other way to bank 2014, viewed from beyondbank.com.au/about-us.html Carroll, A Buchholtz, A 2014, Business and society; ethics, sustainability and stakeholder management, Cengage Learning, New York. Hossain, M 2009, ‘Customer perception on service quality in retail banking in Middle East; the case of Qatar’, International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, vol. 2 no. 4, pp. 338-350. Ireland, D, Hoskisson, R Hitt, M 2008, Understanding business strategy; concepts and cases, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason. Kazmi, E 2008, Strategic management and business policy, McGraw-Hill, New York. Klug, M 2006, Marketing entry strategies in Eastern Europe in the context of the European Union; an empirical research into German firms entering the polish market, Deutscher Universitats-Verlag, Wiesbaden. KPMG: Conquering global markets 2013, https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/conquering-global-markets.pdf Levi, K 2006, Market entry strategies of foreign telecom companies in India, Deutscher Universitats-Verlag, Wiesbaden. Mitchell, P Satter, R 2013, Westpac caught up in world’s biggest money laundering sting, smh.com.au/technolo gy/technology-news/westpac-caught-up-in-worlds-biggest-money-laundering-sting-20130528-2naa8.html Pride, W Ferrell, O 2006, Marketing: concepts and strategies, Houghton, Boston. Saee, J 2007, Contemporary corporate strategy: global perspective, Routledge, New Jersey. Sandhusen, R 2008, Marketing, Barron’s Educational Series, Hauppauge. Qatar National Bank: Qatar economic insight 2013, qnb.com.qa/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urldatablobheader=application%2Fpdfblobkey=idblobtable=MungoBlobsblobwhere=1355496376563ssbinary=true Schermerhorn, J 2010, Management, John Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey.

Condolence Quotes to Express Sorrow

Condolence Quotes to Express Sorrow How do you express your condolence when someone you love is going through a traumatic period? What do you say, and how do you say it? The Loss Some time ago, a close friend lost her five-year-old son in a tragic accident. The bereaved mother was beside herself with grief. No words could comfort her. Its tough to comfort someone grieving about death. What can you say to comfort a mother who has just lost her child? Do you  express grief or provide words of strength, or will your words seem empty? Etiquette of Courtesy Social norms emphasize on etiquettes of greeting people on happy occasions, such as birthdays, engagement, weddings, marriage anniversaries, or other personal and professional milestones. Gift shops abound with greeting cards and gifts that express joy and celebration. Our culture falls short of expressions that teach people how to express sadness during times of grief. Tragedy and Loneliness Go Hand in Hand Funerals and prayer meetings are social platforms for people to offer condolences. After the initial flurry of activity, everyone goes back to their lives, leaving the grieving family to face loneliness and despair. Few turn back to see how the grieving family is coping with the loss. How to Help Others Overcome Grief Grief is a difficult burden to bear. Initially, your friend may shun your companionship or words of solace, because he is  hurting too much. To overcome grief, one has to come to terms with it. Your sympathy can help your loved ones. However great the tragedy, inspirational words can redeem the grieving soul. Quotes to Offer Condolences These condolence quotes will soothe the heartbroken. Help your loved ones pick themselves up, and move on. Share these condolence quotes at funerals, church services, or make a solemn toast in honor of the departed soul. Your words can give a glimmer of hope to the heartbroken. William WordsworthThat though the radiance, which was once so bright, be now forever taken from my sight. Though nothing can bring back the hour of splendor in the grass, glory in the flower. We will grieve not, rather find strength in what remains behind.Bible, Matthew 5:4Blessed are those who mourn; for they shall be comforted.Beth Mende ConnyIf the future seems overwhelming, remember that it comes one moment at a time.Pierre CorneilleOne often calms ones grief by recounting it.Harriet Beecher StoweAny mind that is capable of real sorrow is capable of good.Anne GrantGrief is a normal and natural response to loss. It is originally an unlearned feeling process. Keeping grief inside increases your pain.AeschylusThere is no pain so great as the memory of joy in present grief.Queen Elizabeth IIGrief is the price we pay for love.Jerome K. JeromeIt is in our faults and failings, not in our virtues, that we touch each other, and find sympathy. It is in our follies that we are one. Nigella LawsonYou dont go around grieving all the time, but the grief is still there and always will be.Benjamin FranklinIt is the will of God and Nature that these mortal bodies be laid aside, when the soul is to enter into real life; tis rather an embryo state, a preparation for living; a man is not completely born until he be dead: Why then should we grieve that a new child is born among the immortals?Dirk BenedictIf we wait until our lives are free from sorrow or difficulty, then we wait forever. And miss the entire point.Robert IngersollIn the night of death, hope sees a star, and listening love can hear the rustle of a wing.Rossiter Worthington RaymondLife is eternal; and love is immortal; and death is only a horizon; and a horizon is nothing save the limit of our sight.Khalil GibranWhen you are sorrowful look again in your heart, and you shall see that in truth you are weeping for that which has been your delight.OvidBear and endure: This sorrow will one day prove to be for yo ur good. Anne Morrow LindberghGrief cant be shared. Everyone carries it alone. His own burden in his own way.ConfuciusWe should feel sorrow, but not sink under its oppression.Henry Wadsworth LongfellowGood-night! good-night! as we so oft have saidBeneath this roof at midnight, in the daysThat are no more, and shall no more return.Thou hast but taken up thy lamp and gone to bed;I stay a little longer, as one staysTo cover up the embers that still burn.Arthur SchopenhauerAlmost all of our sorrows spring out of our relations with other people.Washington IrvingThe natural effect of sorrow over the dead is to refine and elevate the mind.John TaylorWhile we are mourning the loss of our friend, others are rejoicing to meet him behind the veil.Dante AlighieriThere is no greater sorrow than to recall happiness in times of misery.

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Analysis - Essay Example The first part dwells on the first idea. It lasts from 0:00 to 2:59. The end of this part is obvious due to harmonic minor applied in the last idea in the piece to make a smooth transition to the second section. The second part starts at 2:59 and ends at 4:44. It is simpler in its melody because it repeats the second idea two times before the third section, which develops the first idea further (4:45-6:18). This part is interesting due to the fact that there is a special variation for cello in it and unusual transition between 2 variations of the first idea represented in this part. The last section dwells on variations of the second idea. They become minor and major, but the melody remains recognizable. This part is united with the previews one by â€Å"rhetoric† call and response linkage. It starts at 6:19 and ends at 7:53. The first section has violins in their leading part. They are followed by viola. Cello performs the role of bass in this section. The second section, on the contrary, is led by the viola and cello. Violin comes in the second variation of the idea together with pizzicato accompaniment of the viola. In the thirst section, violin and cello have major parts. After it cello has its solo. It is interrupted by viola and violins to lead the section to the end. The last section starts with cello. Violins and viola continue the melody further. This part is very airy; it is almost deprived of the bass party. Pizzicato cello appears in the second part of this section on the background to follow the violins and viola. It is notable that first two sections have the same tempo. They are both played in moderato which link them together. The first part is dynamic because of little expressive deviations in tempo close to the culmination. Melody is most tensed in the places where strings take the lead. Loud in the beginning, the melody fades out close to the end in the first section; it represents the models of

Quantitative and Analytical Techniques for Managers Essay

Quantitative and Analytical Techniques for Managers - Essay Example The regions that lie below the lower quartile of Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita in 2007 (Yuan) are Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Gansu. However, the regions that fall below the lower quartile of the Gross Regional Product per Capita 2007 (Yuan) are Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Yunnan, Tibet and Gansu. The measures of central tendency have both strengths and weaknesses, for example, if the range between the highest and lowest figures is high, then the measures may be skewed. There are also effects of the outliers that may lead to wrong conclusion. However, the measures of central tendency are more advantageous because they help in working out the average score effectively and efficiciently. Table 1: descriptive statistics for Gross Regional Product per Capita 2007 (Yuan) Anderson-Darling A-Squared 2.450 p 0.000 95% Critical Value 0.787 99% Critical Value 1.092 Mean 21973.419 Mode #N/A Standard Deviation 13987.063 Variance 195637923.385 Skewedness 1.852 Kurtosis 3.263 N 31.000 Minimum 6915.000 1st Quartile 13575.000 Median 16206.000 3rd Quartile 25818.500 Maximum 66367.000 Confidence Interval 5130.496 for Mean (Mu) 16842.923 0.95 27103.915 For Stdev (sigma) 11177.229 18696.134 for Median 14492.000 19877.000 Table 2: descriptive statistics for Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita in 2007 (Yuan) Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita in 2007 (Yuan) Anderson-Darling A-Squared 1.632 p 0.000 95% Critical Value 0.787 99% Critical Value 1.092 Mean 10853.088 Mode #N/A Standard Deviation 6002.990 Variance 36035892.274 Skewedness 1.412 Kurtosis 1.492 N 31.000 Minimum 3619.860 1st Quartile 6183.730 Median 8947.050 3rd Quartile 13306.875 Maximum 27133.480 Confidence Interval 2201.915 for Mean (Mu) 8651.173 0.95 13055.002 For Stdev (sigma) 4797.061 8024.037 for Median 7525.730 10499.510 1 Calculate Pearson’s correlation coefficient between Gross Regional Product per Capita and Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita and dis cuss its size, sign and significance. Why do you think the correlation is high? In statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (denoted by r) measures the linear correlation or linear dependence that occurs between linear variables. For example, in this case, the Gross Regional Product per Capita and Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita are the main variables. This measure shows then strength of the correlation or linear dependence between the main variables. The variable may take the value of +1 and ?1 both inclusive. If the correlation is +1 or -1, then variables are perfectly correlated. However, the inference is always the bone of contention as it depends on these rules. In this case the correlation is 0.934093899531846, this is strong correlation. It indicates that the Gross Regional Product per Capita 2007 (Yuan) and the Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita in 2007 (Yuan) are strongly correlated Pearson Product Moment Correlation - Ungrouped Data Statist ic Gross Regional Product per Capita Gross Fixed Capital Formation per Capita Mean 21973.4193548387 10853.0877419355 Biased Variance 189327022.630593 34873444.1364433 Biased Standard Deviation 13759.6156425459 5905.37417412676 Covariance 78430448.3909785 Correlation 0.934093899531846 Determination 0.87253141314261 T-Test 14.089252394164 p-value (2 sided)

Influence about Hungarian folk music in Liszt rhapsody no.2 Research Paper

Influence about Hungarian folk music in Liszt rhapsody no.2 - Research Paper Example The first Hungarian creations of Liszt were made during his stay in Vienna and Paris, yet these works, specifically the two movements of Zum Andenken, are anything but thoughtful compositions (Arnold 18). Besides the record of a Hungarian-influenced Schubert tune, Liszt was unable to give much attention to the music of his native land until his homecoming as an adult (Gervers 385). Liszt’s return to his homeland in 1839-1840 was vital to the development of his personal musical technique. In spite of his German roots, embraced French traditions, and mother tongue, Liszt had not stopped to proclaim himself a Hungarian (Loya 28). It was in the course of these visits, famous as the revered national champion of romantic nationalism at a time of Hungary’s fight for cultural and national autonomy, that he started to return to his Hungarian origins with more fervent sentiments. The early portrayals of the national music of Hungary that Liszt was not able to forget eventually became more meaningful to him than sheer oddity. This form of distinctive national music at its peak at the moment was certainly not folk music, but an expression of global ancestry. Zoltan Kodaly and Bela Bartok would uncover the early Hungarian peasant music much later in the first half of the 20th century (Walker 54). The national music had emerged from an enlisting music, or verb unkos, that had thrived since the latter part of the 18th century (Gervers 386). This paper discusses the influence of Hungarian folk music on Liszt’s rhapsody no. 2 or, generally, on his Hungarian rhapsodies. Simply numerous, roughly the same tunes, are the prerequisite components of folk music. An example of this folk music is the Hungarian village’s music. Those who are slightly familiar with contemporary Hungarian village melodies are aware that their songs have obvious resemblance in relation to structure and cadence. The two major classifications of Hungarian village

Harassment and Bullying when using Email, SMS, Facebook in Workplace Research Paper

Harassment and Bullying when using Email, SMS, Facebook in Workplace - Research Paper Example This study also denotes employers’ inadequate capacity to deal with cyber bullying due to constant evolution of communication platforms and sensitivity of intertwined political and personal issues, particularly in regard to social networking and instant texting. Nevertheless, the paper denotes measures, guidelines and standards that can be adopted in a work environment to curb cyber bullying and bolster a firm’s productivity. Bullying at the work environment is not a new phenomenon. However, following the continued advancement of technology, and particularly in digital communication, bullying is adopting new platforms. For instance, employees if not properly managed can easily convey negative messages about their co-workers via email, short message service (SMS) and other social media conduits like Twitter and Facebook. With the current levels of development, malevolent gossip regarding an employee can be transmitted to others across the internet within an instant, thus reaching a broad audience not just within the organization, but to external targets as well. Such hurtful, and most often false rumors, can adversely affect the subject’s working capability, reputation and even his or her future career. It is also crucial to note that any person can post the negative comments online and once this is done, it is difficult to dispute the information or even remove it. Another noteworthy aspect is that, cyber bullying is not limited to conventional working places and work hours. This is because of the rise in number of laptops and other mobile communication gadgets, such as internet enabled phones and computer tablets (Privitera and Campbell, 2009, pp. 398-400). As a result, cyber bullying traverses the physical and time limitations of an ordinary workplace, and workers can post negative messages even in the comfort of their homes. Failure to address cyber bullying at the workplace would lead to the unnecessary loss of productive employees, hen ce inability to utilize social media to foster the organization’s performance. Cyber Bullying Incidences The conveyance of negative information within or outside the workplace, by employees with malign intent has led to the increasingly worrying cases of cyber bullying (Hinduja and Patchin, 2007). Outlined herein are some of the most common forms of employee harassment via the internet and other contemporary communications channels: Conveyance of spiteful or intimidating SMS communications or emails to a certain worker’s cellular phone or computer address, respectively. Electronic or mobile communications, which are characterized by unpleasant content like explicit pictures, comments or jokes that seek to mock an individual’s religion, sexual preference or ethnicity. Mobile or electronic messages which seek to provide feedback or propose correction to a certain person, with the sole aim of demeaning the individual or shaming him or her publicly. Malevolent or me nacing comments regarding a particular person put up on social sites of blogs. Distribution of offensive and embarrassing videos or photographs of a person, which in most cases may be falsely acquired through manipulation. Displaying desktop wallpapers or screen savers that feature offensive content, with the aim of shaming a specific person. Even though cyber bullying bears numerous similarities with the conventional modes of harassment, it has the capability to escalate faster and with elevated aggression. This is because perpetrators of the

Leadership and employee relations Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership and employee relations - Article Example The leaders and Mangers apply different conceptualizations and approaches to work and exercise different ways of problem solving; undertake different functions in the organizations. They are exhibit different behaviors owing to their different intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. (Ofori, Toor. 2008). In an organization there is no distinct leader there are only managers. The Manager will be acting in both the capacity of leader and manager. A successful manager has both the quality of manager and leader who make use of the qualities discretely. The manager ship and leadership are the tools, through which the manager can influence the behavior of the employees and attain the organizational goals. The Manager and employee relationship in an organization is a delicate one. A good leader and manager can be able to handle and maintain a good relationship with his employees. In the organizations the employees are working towards the attainment of goals where the leaders, who could be instrumental in guiding the efforts of group of employees. The successful performance of leadership role is essential for the survival of an organization.

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Accounting - Essay Example Obviously since they are new graduates you don’t expect an extensive experience resume, but you should target candidates that have at least an internship in accounting. A third credential that would be very valuable for the firm is candidates that are bilingual. The candidates resume is very important. The resume should be free of grammar and punctuation errors, it should illustrate the graduation date and GPA, and the skills and work experiences of the candidate. Recent graduates that have extensive resumes of more than one page should be disqualified because their level of experience does not justify a resume that long. This shows an inability to write in a concise manner. During the interview the candidate should be dressed in a formal manner. Applicants that dress informally should be disqualified because they are not taking their career aspirations seriously. Also during the interview you should look for applicants that are confident and express themselves well

Leadership and employee relations Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership and employee relations - Article Example The leaders and Mangers apply different conceptualizations and approaches to work and exercise different ways of problem solving; undertake different functions in the organizations. They are exhibit different behaviors owing to their different intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. (Ofori, Toor. 2008). In an organization there is no distinct leader there are only managers. The Manager will be acting in both the capacity of leader and manager. A successful manager has both the quality of manager and leader who make use of the qualities discretely. The manager ship and leadership are the tools, through which the manager can influence the behavior of the employees and attain the organizational goals. The Manager and employee relationship in an organization is a delicate one. A good leader and manager can be able to handle and maintain a good relationship with his employees. In the organizations the employees are working towards the attainment of goals where the leaders, who could be instrumental in guiding the efforts of group of employees. The successful performance of leadership role is essential for the survival of an organization.

POL- Founding Documents Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

POL- Founding Documents - Research Paper Example It also analyzes how the U.S Constitution was crafted to avert comparable abuses from occurring in the new republic, and assesses the likely role ethics played in the advancement of these founding documents. The actions of King George III King George III was not as cruel as declared in the pronouncement of Independence. He made various controversial decisions including: refusing to ascent an agreement to laws. These laws were considered by vey essential for the public good. He also prohibited his governors to pass laws of instant and pressing significance. After suspending some crucial laws, he utterly ignored to listen to his governors. He also ignored to pass other acts for the accommodation of outsized districts of citizens, unless those citizens renounced the right of representation in the governing body. King George III also called together legislative bodies at areas atypical, uncomfortable, and far-away from the collection of their public records, for the exclusive reason of f atiguing them into an agreement with his measures. He disbanded representative houses frequently, for differing with manly insistence his incursions on the rights of the public. He ignored for a long time, past such dissolutions, to make others to be designated, whereby the governing Powers, inept of annihilation, were returned to the public at large for their exercise; the State left over in the mean time exposed to all the risks of attack from without, and convulsions inside (Sunstein, 2009). On the other Hand, he endeavored to avoid the population of the American States; for that reason preventing the edicts for naturalization of foreigners; declining to pass others to support their migrations hither, and increasing the state of affairs of new appropriations of Lands. He prevented the administration of integrity by refusing his agreement to laws for establishing judiciary control. He made Judges reliant on his determination alone for the possession of their offices, and the sum a nd payment of their salaries. He also erected a large number of new offices, and sent hither multitudes of officers to harass people and eat out their materials. In addition, he kept among the American citizens, in times of serenity, standing armies without the permission of the American legislatures. He affected to make the military sovereign of and greater to the civil Power (Sunstein, 2009). In so doing, he united with others to subject Americans to a control of foreign to the American constitution, and to accept the American laws. The president thus ensured that he gave his consent to their acts of fake legislation. For quartering outsized bodies of armed troops amongst the American citizens; shielding them, by a mock trial from penalty for any murders that were committed on the residents of American states. The law also helped in cutting off the American trade with all parts of the globe: For imposing taxes on citizens without their consent. The law aided in a variety of issues such as deprivation of citizens in various cases, of the advantage of trial by Jury. Secondly, they aided in transferring the citizens beyond seas to be tried for mock offences. This further led to elimination of the liberated system of English regulations in a bordering province, establishing within an arbitrary government, and expanding its margins to make it at once a paradigm and fit instrument for bringing in the same supreme rule into the colonies. Another aspect of these laws included taking away American Charters, abolishing their

The Virtuous Beings Essay Example for Free

The Virtuous Beings Essay Modern society glorifies people for much pettier accomplishments when compared to that of the ancient times. During the twenty-first century, a convicted felon may come back after serving a prison sentence and present himself as a figure of perfection. Less than five years ago, a football player, named Michael Vick was arrested and convicted of illegal actions involving the maltreatment of domesticated animals. Shortly after serving his sentence, he was once again beloved by his fans and rewarded with a phenomenal contract which would be worth wild in any corresponding lifetime. Looking at these examples, it’s easy to see how corrupted society is today. In the ancient world, their society was very more virtuous. Because of the different virtues of the time, it took a great deal more to become a public idol to the people. Virtuous figures from the ancient world are Gilgamesh, Abraham, Moses, and Odysseus. Gilgamesh, a seemingly corrupt leader, later embarks on a humbling journey which helps him to discover the true meaning of life; Moses, an honest and patient man, has his true values highlighted as God chooses him to lead his people out of captivity; Abraham, an apparent commonplace man, is presented as a bold individual who is not afraid to prove his allegiance to God; and Odysseus is a prime example of a hero in the ancient world who has his own ups and downs during a dangerous and eventful journey back home to the people he has always loved. When connecting Ma 2 a figure like Gilgamesh to the likes of a movie actor of modern society, it is impossible to ignore the contrast in inherent virtues of the people of the time. As Gilgamesh begins, Gilgamesh is actually quite the opposite of virtuous – he is a lust-driven, oppressive ruler who exercises harsh and immoral will upon his people. However, Gilgamesh’s progression towards becoming a virtuous individual is evident almost immediately as he becomes a companion of his ex-adversary, Enkidu. In fact, Gilgamesh and Enkidu go on to complete several tasks together; tasks that neither of them would have accomplished without one another. Similarly, Gilgamesh again proves his drastic change in character as he rejects Ishtar, a longing prostitute. Although Ishtar promises Gilgamesh a life of pleasure and riches, he responds by asking Ishtar â€Å"†¦how would it go for me? † (Gilgamesh, 24). Gilgamesh is reminding Ishtar that her past lovers had found her â€Å"like a brazier which smoulders in the cold, a backlight which keeps out neither squall of wind nor storm† (Gilgamesh, 24), emphasizing that Ishtar’s previous husbands had all received poor treatment from her. This signifies how much Gilgamesh’s character has changed. If he held the same ethics as before, he would have accepted Ishtar’s offer without hesitation. However, he is becoming a much more virtuous individual with greater concerns than mere self-gratification. Soon, Gilgamesh has even built a nice city for his people, abandoning his glory, wealth, and power to become a better individual. He is no longer self-indulged, and the death of his close friend Enkidu has truly humbled him. On a quest to find the secret to immortality, Gilgamesh realizes that what he should actually be seeking is to become a better king to his people and a more virtuous individual in general. Gilgamesh uses his new wisdom to create a legacy for himself, serving as a prime example that the ancient times required much more from an individual to be certified as virtuous. Ma 3 Similarly, the Bible presents a series of examples which emphasize the difference in modern virtues from the virtues of the ancient world. Specifically, in the book of Genesis, God tells Abraham to â€Å"take his only son, and offer him as a burnt offering on one of the mountains† (Genesis 22. 2:3). Proving his undeniable allegiance to God, Abraham leads his only son to the mountain and builds an altar for sacrifice. Right before Abraham was going to strike his son, an angel of the Lord interrupted, telling him not to lay his hands on his son, and then added â€Å"because you have done this, I will indeed bless you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Genesis 22. 16). Because of Abraham’s blatant devotion to the Lord, he is rewarded with a blessing and a promise to make his offspring â€Å"as numerous of the stars of heaven† (Genesis 22. 17). Abraham’s display of loyalty is significant as anyone who would do this in the modern world would certainly be deemed insane rather than allegiant, further emphasizing the difference in virtues today to that of the ancient world. Another example in the Bible may be seen as Moses is chosen by God to lead the Israelites out of virtue. The fact that God chose Moses, an unassuming and ordinary figure of the time, proves that the leaders of the ancient times were not famous, good looking, or wealthy like the leaders of today. In fact, Moses is even described as having a speech impediment. Despite his uncertainty, Moses put everything aside and did what God told him to do and fulfilled his calling to lead the Israelites out of captivity. After Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt, a close-knit community was formed, and the people and God would agree on a covenant. This covenant was very closely followed and viewed as a necessity to live a virtuous life. Although Christians still live the same covenant with God today, it is much less closely followed than it was during the ancient times. Ma 4 Finally, The Odyssey is another telling example which helps to differentiate the virtues of the ancient times to today. In The Odyssey, Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, has been trying to find his way home for twenty years. Ever since the beginning of his trip, Odysseus is introduced as a strong and authoritative figure. However, his journey is filled with temptation, and Odysseus does give in at times. This may be seen when Odysseus chooses to sleep with Circe, despite his yearning to return home to his wife Penelope. This is the complete opposite of a virtuous deed, and it does not go unnoticed. Calypso, a nymph who falls in love with Odysseus, takes note of the disparity among the gods. She is fairly irritated by the fact that male gods may sleep with mortal lovers, while the affairs of the female gods are considered unacceptable, as Calypso describes by saying, â€Å"you hate it when we choose to lie with men† (Odyssey, 281). This emphasizes the double standard among the gods – even in the ancient times, outsiders could see how wrong it was to have a love affair; Calypso is helping to point out the prevalent awareness of equality of the time. Although Odysseus is looked upon as a heroic figure, his immoral actions are highlighted and criticized. In modern society, many public figures would instead have their abrasive actions swept under the rug. After reflecting upon the examples of the ancient world, it becomes clear that there is a wide division between ancient and modern views of what to expect from a human being. In the modern world, simply being wealthy or famous would allow a person to share in the immunity of a God in the ancient world. Today, greed plays a large part in the outcome of everything. Unlike in Gilgamesh, mortality does not change people for the better; instead, people become more self-centered. As a result, today’s society has become just as savage as students read about in books Ma 5 about prehistoric times. Modern life may be compared to a popularity contest, whereas in the ancient world, individuals were required to make names for themselves. It’s no wonder why the people we read about such as Gilgamesh and Moses are viewed as fables or myths; nowadays, only a handful of people may be classified as anything close to their status. In the modern world, these people are praised and worshiped because there are no others quite like them. It should be made a point to try to work toward having a community full of people like Gandhi and Gilgamesh instead of having a society which only looks up to them. This way, society would be able to present a more accurate depiction of a community which aspires to be virtuous.

The Old English Poetry Room :: Essays Papers

The Old English Poetry Room The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles were written by a number of unknown monks and covered events starting with pre-Roman Britain. The Chronicles are seven manuscripts and two fragments. They were compiled sometime in the last decade of the ninth century. Since there were few sources of history open to the monks, it is speculated that they relied heavily on Bede's An Ecclesiastical History of the English People for information on the period between the Roman occupation and 731. From the first century to sometime in the fifth century, Britain was a colony of the Roman Empire. Settlers came and built villas, baths, libraries and city walls in the Roman tradition. Many of these survived. The ruins were sometimes referred to as the "work of giants" in early literature. This can be seen in The Wanderer, a poem about a man who has lost his lord and is stoicly wandering about lamenting his loss and looking for a new home. From about 350 A.D., Roman power weakened throughout the empire. After 409, the Romans no longer ruled Britain. Then, in 449, the Anglo-Saxon invasions began. According to The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles , the first group of immigrants most likely came from Germany and the Netherlands. Their leaders were supposedly Hengest and Horsa. It is possible that these are legendary leaders, but it also possible that the Hengest who appears in the epic poem Beowulf is the same individual. The Chronicles mention three main groups during the period of the invasions: the Saxons, the Angles and the Jutes. In the sixth century, the Anglo-Saxon advance was halted and 50 years of peace followed. The Venerable Bede (c. 673 - 735) is one of three Christian figures mentioned in The Chronicles. Bede studied and wrote on many subjects, among them classical languages, astronomy and medicine. His An Ecclesiastical History of the English People covers England's history and conversion to Christianity. The first writers of The Chronicles used his year-by-year approach and took much of their information from this work. If you would like to access another website with more information about the Venerable Bede, click here. It is from Bede's An Ecclesiastical History of the English People that we studied Caedmon's Hymn, a poem about a man who lives to a rather advanced age without ever learning any songs. At feasts, when the harp is passed around for the telling of stories, Caedmon would rather leave the feast than receive the harp to tell a story.

Modernism and Postmodernism in Shakespeares Othello Essay -- GCSE Eng

Othello teaches us much about our current postmodern culture. The play connects to our ideas of sexism, male-bonding, racism and capitalism. Shakespeare uses these universal and timeless flaws in humanity along with our use of language and truth to tell his tale. Iago, over a period of about three days, uses these facets of humanity to turn Othello against his wife Desdemona and his friend Cassio. Othello reveals both the struggle of the British people of the early 1600's and Americans in the late 1900's with sexism, capitalism and racism. In Othello men see women as objects to control, first by their father, and then by their husband. When Iago yells to Brabantio, telling him his daughter has gone off to marry Othello, he yells "Thieves, thieves! / Look to your house, your daughter, and your bags! / Thieves, thieves!" (Othello I.i.79-80). Othello has taken away Brabantio's property, his daughter, and is called a thief because of it. Desdemona refuses to be treated like property, however and makes "A gross revolt, / tying her duty, beauty, wit and fortunes" (Othello I.i.134-135) to Othello. Her marriage to Othello is not an act of a free woman, but a revolt by Brabantio's property. Desdemona is also incapable of independent feelings or thoughts. Othello must have "Enchanted her" (Othello I.ii.63), "In chains of magic" (Othello I.ii.65), because she could never make such a choice on her own. In Brabantio's mind, only he can know what is in Desdemona's best interest and then choose it for her. Brabantio tries to guard he r, but Desdemona has "Run from her guardage" (Othello I.ii.70). In Othello the culture of the time treats women as objects to be guarded and watched over, too tender and gentle to fend for themselves in a dang... ...hooses for her, this taking of a different role is similar to Othello's efforts to fit into the European world. Othello's lack of definitive truth is postmodern. Othello does have an emphasis of characters over environment. Although the characters represent different aspects of society, Shakespeare takes great care in developing them and their internal traits. The lack of definitive truth in Othello's world creates chaos, but Othello refuses to just accept this chaos, he chooses Iago over Desdemona's version of events. Othello combines modernism and postmodernism in its discussion of language and truth. Although Othello contains many elements from both periods, it is mostly modern, due to it's setting and need for characters. The characters decide to fight the chaos inside themselves and in the world. This fight leads to the tragic ending of the play. Â  

The Irony in Ghana’s Agricultural Productivity

The US’s prospect of establishing a military base in Ghana proves its firm control of this thriving African country. This firm control of US is also strongly apparent in Ghana’s economic policy.   Endowed with an abundant supply of natural resources, Ghana has long been under US economic and social influence through international organizations such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and World Trade Organization.It is important to note here that IMF-WB and WTO work, in the final analysis, for the benefit of those who control them which are no other than the US and other First World countries. The policies advanced by IMF-WB and WTO that Ghana faithfully adopts put the country in an inequitable relationship with the US and other powerful nations.One clear policy is the Structural Adjustments Programs (SAPs) which contain various conditionalities like the privatization of local industries, the reductions in tariffs and trade barriers, the curtailing of   a grarian reform, and the liberalization of local economies.A manifestation that the SAPs are at work in Ghana can be seen through the country’s export-oriented and import-dependent economy. What does this mean? Ghana’s economy is export-oriented because its natural resources, particularly its rich agricultural resources, are taken outside the country and   appropriated by the more powerful nations who control it.That is why even though Ghana is rich in agricultural resources, majority of its people experience hunger because: 1) they are not the ones who benefit from what their land offers 2) the country is not yet industrialized to support a viable agricultural production process.The US, being a highly industrialized country, makes use of the natural resources it has taken from Ghana and processes these resources. The US requires less labor force in processing the natural resources it has taken from third world countries precisely because it has high-tech machines to do the work faster and more efficient.After the processing of the natural resources, Third World countries dependent on US (thanks to IMF-WB and WTO) import them. The tragic irony here is that Third World countries buy and import   goods that are essentially theirs.Notes:1. â€Å"Structural adjustment† 25   July 2007. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation. 12 August 2007.

Ptlls Course Meeting the Needs of Learners

Meeting needs of learners www. niacedc. org. uk Students have different learning needs, and as a training provider I need to identify these needs, as when you pay attention to students needs (within reason, and on a professional basis that I am qualified to do so ) ,your student will work to the best of there ability, and their learning experience with you will be a positive one.Students also have a better commitment when they have an active part, in deciding goals, and they are told what the time scale is to reach the goals, and identifying criteria for assessing goals. All students that enrol with us are given enrolment questionnaires ,this helps us build a data base for student, and helps identify the students experience, and any qualifications they may hold. The questionnaire also has a basic Math and English competency question, to allow us to establish any areas we may need to be able to address and help the student with.We also ask if they have any computer skills and at what level. All students are then asked to meet with me personally so I can welcome them to the course, and put them at ease, it also allows me and the student to establish, their individual targets and goals, by the student having in put into there learning, it makes the student feel involved and makes the course when broken down achievable for them..We have regular feed back sessions which helps the student identify an areas they feel weaker in or are not entirely happy with, which allows a plan of action to be implemented and then a follow up feed back to assess how the student is progressing. With regular feedback sessions students are encouraged and it helps them develop their skills.